attention: Remove unnecessary contiguous operations

Prior to performing attention, we need to permute query, key
and value. Currently we call Contiguous after each of these
permutations, which is correct but expensive. Avoiding the
3 calls to Contiguous increases performance by over 20%.

The permutations of query and key do not violate the continuity
rules for mulmat and the Contiguous call can be simply removed.

Value requires a different permutation and does require Contiguous.
However, we can use the copy into the cache as a way to perform this
without further overhead.

To support this and avoid unexpected tensor shapes that are seen by
models, we need tighter integration between attention, cache
and backend. Future optimization will also likely need this structure
 - for example, flash attention has special padding requirements in
the cache and other backends may have their own needs.

This further contains the operations that go into attention so that
these and other optimizations can be handled transparently. Models
that have special requirements for attention can still implement
their own version of it.

kvcache/encoder.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package kvcache
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
 )
 
@@ -11,6 +13,9 @@ import (
 //
 // Not currently safe for multiple sequences
 type EncoderCache struct {
+	// config controls mostly backend-specific optimizations
+	config *ml.CacheConfig
+
 	// ** current forward pass **
 
 	// the active layer for Get and Put
@@ -40,9 +45,29 @@ func NewEncoderCache() *EncoderCache {
 }
 
 func (c *EncoderCache) Init(backend ml.Backend, dtype ml.DType, capacity int32) {
+	if c.config == nil {
+		var config ml.CacheConfig
+		if cc, ok := backend.(ml.BackendCacheConfig); ok {
+			config = cc.CacheConfig()
+		}
+		c.config = &config
+	}
+
+	if c.config.CachePadding != 0 && c.config.CachePadding != 1 {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("encoder cache is unable to enforce requested CachePadding (%v)", c.config.CachePadding))
+	}
+
 	c.cacheCtx = backend.NewContext()
 }
 
+func (c *EncoderCache) SetConfig(config ml.CacheConfig) {
+	if c.config != nil {
+		panic("config cannot be changed after being previously set, either by the model or backend")
+	}
+
+	c.config = &config
+}
+
 func (c *EncoderCache) Close() {
 	c.cacheCtx.Close()
 }
@@ -75,6 +100,10 @@ func (c *EncoderCache) Put(ctx ml.Context, key, value ml.Tensor) {
 	c.encoderPos = c.curPos
 	c.encoderCached = true
 
+	if c.config.PermutedV {
+		value = value.Permute(ctx, 1, 2, 0, 3)
+	}
+
 	if c.keys[c.curLayer] == nil || c.values[c.curLayer] == nil {
 		c.keys[c.curLayer] = c.cacheCtx.Zeros(key.DType(), key.Shape()...)
 		c.values[c.curLayer] = c.cacheCtx.Zeros(value.DType(), value.Shape()...)